按字典序输出所有的topsort

如何输出字典序最小的topsort

下面的代码,相当kahn算法 + 回溯法.

cpp
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/** * Author by Rainboy blog: https://rainboylv.com github : https://github.com/rainboylvx * date: 2025-12-18 10:14:48 */ #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <cstring> #include <cstdio> #include <string> using namespace std; typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; const int maxn = 300; int n,m; int sz; char a[maxn]; //所有字符 bool del[maxn]; int indg[maxn]; //每个点的入度 int g[maxn][maxn]; //邻居矩阵 char topsort[maxn]; std::string s; void dfs(char u,int dep) { topsort[dep] = u; del[u] = 1; // std::cout << "dfs > " << u << " >dep = " << dep << "\n"; if( dep == sz) { //删除的点已经结束了 // std::cout << "-------------------------" << "\n"; for(int i = 1;i <= sz ;++i ) // i: 1->n cout << topsort[i]; std::cout << "\n"; // std::cout << "-------------------------" << "\n"; del[u] = 0; return ; } // 删除u周围的点 for(int i = 1;i <= sz ;++i ) // i: 1->sz { char c = a[i]; if( del[c] == 0 && indg[c] > 0 && g[u][c]) indg[c]--; } // 开始遍历 for(int i = 1;i <= sz ;++i ) // i: 1->sz { char c = a[i]; if( del[c] == 0 && indg[c] == 0) dfs(c,dep+1); } // 恢复u周围的点 for(int i = 1;i <= sz ;++i ) // i: 1->sz { char c = a[i]; // u周围的点的值都有添加+1,因为相当于把u恢复了 if( del[c] == 0 && g[u][c]) indg[c]++; } del[u] = 0; } signed main () { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); while( getline(cin,s) ) { memset(g,0,sizeof(g)); memset(indg,0,sizeof(indg)); memset(del,0,sizeof(del)); sz = 0; for(int i = 0 ;i < s.length() ;i++) { if( s[i] < 'a' || s[i] > 'z') continue; a[++sz] = s[i]; } std::sort(a+1,a+1+sz); // 排序 getline(cin,s); //依次处理每个元素字符 int first = 1; char st,ed; for(int i = 0 ;i < s.length() ;i++) { char c = s[i]; if( c <'a' || c > 'z') continue;// 不是合法的字符,可能是空格 if( first ) { st = c; } else { ed = c; g[st][ed] = 1; //存图 indg[ed]++; // std::cout << st << " " << ed << endl; } first ^=1; } for(int i = 1 ;i<=sz;i++) { char c = a[i]; if( indg[c] == 0) { dfs(c,1); } } std::cout << "\n"; } return 0; }